MathVC: An LLM-Simulated Multi-Character Virtual Classroom for Mathematics Education

George Mason University and College of William & Mary
MathVC, or Mathematical Virtual Classroom, is a platform including multiple Large Language Model (LLM)-simulated student characters, with whom human students can practice collaborative mathematical problem-solving. The goal of MathVC is to leverage the power of Generative AI technologies to enhance Mathematics Education, particularly the Mathematical Modeling competencies of middle-school students.

Mathematical modeling involves the cognitively demanding process of translating real-life situations into mathematical notations and is a fundamental skill for students pursuing science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). Cultivating mathematical modeling through collaborative learning can be particularly effective, but orchestrating such collaborative learning tasks requires significant efforts from teachers to oversee group discussions. In addition, students may not receive effective training from the group discussions, due to reasons such as mental barriers (e.g., anxiety) in peer interactions.

Through MathVC, the project aims to increase the opportunities for students to receive effective mathematics education. The project will also use the MathVC platform as a lens to understand the opportunities and risks of Generative AI techniques and provide insights for future researchers and educators.

An example is shown below.
MathVC Overview

Updates

  • 04/2025: We will be organizing the Math EdVenture Camp at GMU during July 7-11, 2025. Go Register Here!
  • 02/2025: We started a pilot study inviting middle-school students from Virginia to provide feedback on the MathVC prototype!
  • 02/2025: The MathVC system prototype paper is accepted to the AAAI Workshop on AI4Edu!
  • 04/2024: ArXiv version is online. Please check out our preprint.

Publications

(^ denotes equal contributions)

  • Murong Yue^, Wenhan Lyu^, Wijdane Mifdal, Jennifer Suh, Yixuan Zhang, and Ziyu Yao. "MathVC: An llm-simulated multi-character virtual classroom for mathematics education." AAAI Workshop on AI4Edu, 2025. [Paper][Website]
  • 
    @article{yue2024mathvc,
        title={Mathvc: An llm-simulated multi-character virtual classroom for mathematics education},
        author={Yue, Murong and Lyu, Wenhan and Mifdal, Wijdane and Suh, Jennifer and Zhang, Yixuan and Yao, Ziyu},
        journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2404.06711},
        year={2024}
    }
                            
  • Sai Adith Senthil Kumar^, Hao Yan^, Saipavan Perepa, Murong Yue, and Ziyu Yao. "Can LLMs Simulate Personas with Reversed Performance? A Benchmark for Counterfactual Instruction Following." Preprint, 2025. [Paper]
  • 
    @article{kumar2025can,
        title={Can LLMs Simulate Personas with Reversed Performance? A Benchmark for Counterfactual Instruction Following},
        author={Kumar, Sai Adith Senthil and Yan, Hao and Perepa, Saipavan and Yue, Murong and Yao, Ziyu},
        journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2504.06460},
        year={2025}
        }
                            
  • Yue, Murong, and Ziyu Yao. "Efficient but Vulnerable: Benchmarking and Defending LLM Batch Prompting Attack." Preprint, 2025. [Paper]
  • 
    @article{yue2025efficient,
        title={Efficient but Vulnerable: Benchmarking and Defending LLM Batch Prompting Attack},
        author={Yue, Murong and Yao, Ziyu},
        journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2503.15551},
        year={2025}
        }
                            

    Presentations

  • Poster Presentation at AAAI Workshop on AI4Edu. Presenter: Murong Yue. Feb 2025.
  • Invited Presentation at the Panel of "AI for Education Use Cases: Bridging Research to Practice" by the AI and Data-Informed Education Policy Initiative (AIEP) at GMU. Presenter: Ziyu Yao and Jenn Suh. Oct 2024.
  • Invited Presentation at Wolfram Research, the "LLM Agents for Modeling Group Dynamics" Online Colloquium. Presenter: Ziyu Yao. June 2024.
  • Outreach Activities

  • Math EdVenture Camp at George Mason University, July 7-11, 2025.
  • Team Members

    Faculty

    Ziyu Yao

    Dr. Ziyu Yao (PI)

    George Mason University, Computer Science

    Jenn Suh

    Dr. Jennifer Suh

    George Mason University, Math Education

    Janice Zhang

    Dr. Yixuan ("Janice") Zhang

    William & Mary, Computer Science

    Advisory Board

    Coming Soon!

    PhD Student Leads

    Murong Yue

    Murong Yue

    George Mason University, Computer Science

    Wenhan Lyu

    Wenhan Lyu

    William & Mary, Computer Science

    Other Student Researchers

    Wijdane Mifdal

    Wijdane Mifdal

    Undergraduate Student at GMU CS

    Sai

    Sai Adith Senthil Kumar

    Undergraduate Student at GMU CS

    Hao Yan

    Hao Yan

    PhD Student at GMU CS

    Acknowledge

    We were grateful to receive support from the National Science Foundation (2418580, 2418582), Microsoft Accelerating Foundation Models Research program (https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/collaboration/accelerating-foundation-models-research/), Department of Computer Science at GMU, and William & Mary for conducting this research. We also appreciate computing resources from the Office of Research Computing (https://orc.gmu.edu) and the assistance from the Institutional Review Board (IRB) at GMU and William & Mary. Undergraduate students in the team have also received sponsorship from the Office of Student Creative Activities and Research (OSCAR) at GMU.

    We thank Dr. Anthony Eamonn Kelly (GMU, Educational Psychology) and Dr. Melissa A. Gallagher (University of Houston, Department of Curriculum & Instruction) for early discussions about the idea, and students in the GMU NLP group (https://nlp.cs.gmu.edu/) for their thoughtful comments.